Real-time three-dimensional echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular diastolic dyssynchrony and dysfunction in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To assess left ventricular (LV) regional diastolic function in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) using single-beat real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT-3DE).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty-nine patients with HCM (LV ejection fraction≥45%) and 50 normal control subjects underwent examinations by two-dimensional echocardiography (2DE) and RT-3DE. The parameters analyzed by RT-3DE included the end diastolic sphericity index (EDSI), diastolic dyssynchrony index (DDI), dispersion end diastole [DISPED, including late (DDI-late) and early (DDI-early) diastole, dispersion end diastole (DISPED-late), and dispersion early diastole (DISPED-early)]. The patients were divided into 3 groups with impaired relaxation (n=23), pseudonormal filling (n=37), and restrictive filling (n=9).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>DDI and DISPED increased with the severity of diastolic dysfunction. In end diastole, DDI-late and DISPED-late were abnormal in cases with severe diastolic dysfunction (7.95∓2.75 and 26.76∓17.19, respectively, P<0.0001) but normal in cases with mild diastolic dysfunction. In early diastole, DDI-early and DISPED-early both increased in cases of mild (8.57∓2.24 and 25.44∓6.31, respectively, P<0.0001) and moderate (9.56∓4.66 and 35.42∓14.19, respectively, P<0.0001) diastolic dysfunction.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>In patients with HCM, dyssynchrony in early diastole is more obvious than that in late diastole and shows also a stronger correlation with diastolic dysfunction. This preclinical lesion can be detected by single-beat RT-3DE.</p>

Assessment of the right ventricular function in healthy volunteers with one beat full-volume real-time three-dimensional echocardiography / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the normal value of right ventricle using one beat full-volume real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT-3DE) and assess the feasibility of this technique.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One beat full volume images were acquired at the apical 4 chamber view in 129 healthy volunteers. The right and left ventricular volumes were examined with the eSie LVA and RVA. The subjects were divided into 2 gender groups (male and female) and 3 age groups (20 - 39 years old, 40 - 59 years old, 60 years old and above).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Adequate data were obtained in 129 subjects. The RV-EDV was (92.4 ± 21.3) ml, RV-ESV (34.6 ± 9.2) ml, RV-SV (57.8 ± 13.9) ml, RV-EF (62.5 ± 5.0) ml. EDV, ESV, and EF were significant different while SV was similar between RV and LV (all P < 0.05). RV-EDV (r = 0.517, P = 0.001), RV-ESV (r = 0.588, P = 0.001) and RV-SV(r = 0.409, P = 0.001) were correlated well with BSA. RV-EDV, RV-ESV and RV-SV were significantly higher in males than in females (all P < 0.001). RV-EDV, RV-SV and RV-EF decreased with aging (P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Right ventricle function can be measured noninvasively by RT-3DE with high feasibility. This novel method contributes to the detailed study of right heart function in various cardiovascular diseases.</p>